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| Role Of Private Sector
Partenership In Solid Waste Management |
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In the State of Maharashtra,
there are 250 No. of local Bodies (Metrocities, Corporations, ‘A’-class
Councils, ‘B’&’C’ class Councils, Cantonement
, Boards & Nagar Panchayats ).The detail breakup of ULBs is
as below :-
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| 1 |
Corporations |
22 |
| 2 |
‘A’ class Council |
18 |
| 3 |
‘B’ & ‘C’ class Council |
203 |
| 4 |
Cantonment Board |
03 |
| 5 |
Nagar Panchayats |
04 |
| Total |
250 |
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| Maharashtra Pollution Control
Board has prepared a summery statement of all local bodies indicating
class, populations, Quantum of MSW generations, status of Authorization
and Form –II submission by the local bodies. Out of 250 ULBs,
MPC Board have issued Authorization to 245 ULBs and Applications for
authorization of 03 ULBs have been refused by the Board .Moreover,
the present waste generation in terms of total waste generation in
maharashtra with respect to the Corporation area , ‘A’class
Council & ‘B’ & ‘C’ class Municipal
Councils comes to the tune of 64.66 % ; 25.88%; 9.46% respectively. |
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| Compliance
criteria for ULB’s as per provisions of MSW (M & H)Rules
2000 |
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Prohibition of littering &
providing adequate storage facility for MSW. |
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Storage & segregation as per waste categories
viz. Biodegradable, Recyclable, Debris & construction waste. |
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Collection & Transportation of waste. |
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Processing of Biodegradable & recyclable
waste. |
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Disposal of non biodegradable, non recyclable
& inert waste in sanitary landfills. |
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Environmental Monitoring viz. Ground water
& Ambient Air Quality Monitoring. |
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Awareness & participation of citizens
along with NGO’s. |
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| Need To
Know About Waste |
| MSW generated in ULB’s
mainly comes from Households, Commercial, Institutional, street sweeping,
construction & demolition waste, sanitation waste, Biomedical
waste, industrial hazardous waste. The Biomedical & Industrial
Hazardous waste shall not be allowed to mix with MSW & shall be
disposed as per the provisions of Biomedical Waste (M & H) Rules
1998 & Hazardous Waste (M & H) Rules 1989 amended in 2000.The
MSW free from Biomedical & Industrial waste shall be source segregated
depending upon its moisture content, Biodegradability, Calorific Value
for its scientific disposal by the means of recycling, reprocessing,
composting, vermicomposting, waste to energy, anaerobic digestion
& sanitary landfills. |
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| Microplanning
For Collection & Transportation Of Msw |
| Micro planning for collection
& Transportation of MSW will include systematic & logical
assessment of source data interpreted for Urban planning. The Micro
planning will include collection of relevant data in terms of population
density, per capita waste generation, Road leanth & Width , &
finally Inventorization of the source data . The Inventory of source
data will be utilized for planning primary & secondary collection
bins, planning of primary & secondary transportation vehicles,
Routes of transportation , Storage & disposal of waste. The objectives
of micro planning in MSW management are organization of source data,
area specification, Accurate evaluation of various options in SWM,
effective & rapid trouble shooting, effective monitoring plans
& improved performance. |
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| Modes
Of Processing & Disposal Of Msw |
| The recent
trends of Technologies adopted / available for processing & disposal
of MSW are as |
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Sanitary Land fillings which
is restricted for nonbiodegradable, inert waste which shall
not be suitable for processing or recycling, processing rejects
from Waste processing plants. |
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Composting |
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Vermicomposting |
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Incineration |
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Pelletization or Refused derived Fuel |
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Gasification/ Pyrolyasis |
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Anaerobic treatment |
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Waste to Energy in terms of Biogas or power
generation. |
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| Need Of
Private Sector Participation In Solid Waste Management |
Municipal Solid waste (M
& H) Rules 2000 are applicable to every municipal Authority
generating waste for it’s collection, segregation , transportation
,processing & scientific disposal to protect the human health
& quality of environment. SWM is essential public responsibility.
The services rendered by ULB’s should be efficient, economic
& reliable to comply Hon’ble Supreme Court directives
in this regards.
The Present Scenario of SWM in almost all the ULB’s shows unscientific open dump, Burning of the waste,
insufficient & irregular waste collection, thereby creating
Environmental pollution & hygienic problems to human Health.
The processing of MSW as per the provisions of MSW Rules requires
basic infrastructures for collection, transportation , processing
& sanitary land fillings. The cost of SWM projects for setting
up basic infrastructures is very high . The major hurdle facing
ULB’s in this regards is Inadequate
Resources / Finance. It is observed that the cost of ULB’s
in processing of waste are high due to excessive
overheads (High salary) of employee, redundant personnel’s,
low productivity of personnel’s, high social benefits entertained
by the systems. Also Inadequate staff,
limited resources & lack of technical awareness in the
local body personnel are major issue for proper operation &
maintaince of MSW processing plants. Also public awareness &
community participation is a major factor for effective implementation
of MSW Rules 2000 & will play important role in SWM.
With limited access to financial & other resources, ULB’s
are finding it increasingly difficult to provide improved level
of Environmental services. Considering the present scenario &
poor performance by ULB’s in SWM , it is essential to involve
private sector participation in such projects.
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| Objectives
Of Private Sector Participation In Swm |
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Financial capability of Private sector
participation will bring investment/ finances for such projects. |
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The investment & finances by private sector
will improve operational efficiency. |
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The competitions among private sector investors,
technicacally competent personnel’s & organized management
structure will create superior quality . |
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The private sector investors will be accountable
to the services rendered by him for its quality & reliability. |
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The private sector investors will enjoy more
freedom from political interference & restricted Bureaucracy.. |
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| The services rendered by private
sector investors will be more reliable & efficient towards the
protection of the environment & public health. The private sector
investors in SWM may involve in the following activities to improve
the services rendered by ULB’s for peoples. |
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| Modes
Of PPS In MSW Management |
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Services for transportation or heavy
equipments procurements. |
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H - H collection by licensed contractor. |
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H - H collection by service contract |
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Collection of construction & demolition waste,
Industrial waste, hotel waste, commercial waste by individual
participation |
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Sweeping & cleaning of streets, open spaces |
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Waste processing plants by service or contracts
as partnership. |
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| The contractual agreement
among private sector investors & ULB shall include clearly defined
services considering the health & safety aspect, Environmental
protection, legal aspect of compliance towards legislation & cost
recovery aspect. The proper definition of the services made in mutual
agreement can ensure good & reliable services which can be helpful
at larger stage for monitoring & evaluation of services. The performance
monitoring in terms of service efficiency, reliability, service quality
& cost can be emphasized by ULB by defining operational standards,
regulatory checks & conducting performance checks by means of
public awareness & participation . |
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